persian

the territory of Iran is one of the most ancient regions of civilization on eart .Large areas are covered high mountaians ,steppeds and desert but beside these infertile regions there are also districts whit ideal condithions for farming and cattle -breeding .Therefore from 9000 Bc ,on the first settlements developed particularyly in southwest Iran ,whitin the boundaries of the province for a flourishing civilzation even as early as the 4th millennium BC which ,presumably ,had an important if not desisive impact on the invention of the script.
during the troubled while the assyrians,Babylonians and elamites fought against each other ,the persian succeeded in establishing themselves in region ,which was later to be regarded as their homeland out of which they were to build the huge persian empire.Their first capital become the Elamite royal city of anshan ,todey called Tall-e-Malyan.The word has survived to this day in the name of province.
after alexander 's  attack and seleucides parthia were able not only to conguer wide areas in the east of the caspian sea , but also step by parts of media and the heartland of the former persian empire.
Almost 500 years the parthian empire was in existence when it finally was superseded by new dynasty .In the decisive battle fought in 224 AC was won by Adashir .A rock -relif near Firuzabad commemorats this event . It shows ardashir lifting the parthian king Artabanos out of the saddle ,together whit this horse he is turned upside-down .This event opened a new era in the history of Iran ,the erea of sasanian king once more led the country to high prosperity and bloom.
About the middle of 7th centurya new era began , when was conquered by islamic Arabians ,however , the genuine persian character , which had left its marks over centuries on works of art and artifacts ,being prototype in many ways ,still continued to unfold its magic , The artists accepted the challenge of the new medium of islamic art and created works of the art that again were unique and exemplary.