mahiulkadir

Myanmar’s Rohingya minority is subject to us. They are effectively denied of their own citizenship because of their land confiscated and many are regularly forced to work on government projects without pay adding that they are often prevented from marrying or conducting religious ceremonies and also effectively prevented from traveling within the country as well. The regime creates conditions and circumstances that make it clear to the Rohingya that they are not wanted or welcome, so it's no surprise that they try to flee the country by the thousands. We always want repatriation them as our country is over populated by her own people. In this perspective UN can play a great role to resolve the issue It is well-known that the United Nations (UN) is an international organization which ensures the co-operation of international law, international security, economic development, social progress, human rights, and achievement of world peace. The United Nations officially came into existence on 24 October 1945, when the UN Charter had been ratified by a majority of the original 51 Member States. The day is now celebrated each year around the world as United Nations Day. The point of the United Nations is to hold all nations of the world together to work for peace and development, based on the principles of justice, human dignity and the well-being of all people. It affords the opportunity for countries to balance global interdependence and national interests when addressing international problems. There are currently 192 Members of the United Nations and meet in General Assembly which seems to a world parliament. Each country, large or small, rich or poor, has a single vote; however, none of the decisions taken by the Assembly are binding. Nevertheless, the Assembly's decisions become resolutions that carry the weight of world governmental opinion. The United Nations Headquarters is in New York City but the land and buildings are international territory. It has own flag; own post office and postage stamps and Arabic, Chinese, English, French, Russian and Spanish are official languages -. The UN European Headquarters is in the Palais des Nations, Geneva, Switzerland. It has offices in Vienna, Austria and Economic Commissions in Addis Ababa in Ethiopia, Amman in Jordan, Bangkok in Thailand and Santiago in Chile. The senior officer of the United Nations Secretariat is the Secretary-General. In 1944 representatives of China, the UK, the US and the USSR meeting at Dumbarton Oaks in Washington, DC, prepared a blueprint for an international organization due to intense pressure from the press and public, discussed the details of a post-war organization. As a result about representatives of 50 countries gathered in San Francisco between April and June 1945 to hammer out the final text that would lay the foundations of international cooperation. This was the Charter of the United Nations, signed on 26 June by 50 countries. Poland, the 51st country, was not able to send a representative to the San Francisco conference but is considered an original member. Although the League was abandoned, most of its ideals and some of its structure were kept by the United Nations and outlined in its Charter. There are several branches like the General Assembly which is the main deliberative organ of the United Nations. It is composed of representatives of all Member States, each of which has one vote. Decisions on important questions, such as those on peace and security, admission of new Members and budgetary matters, require a two-thirds majority. Decisions on other questions are reached by a simple majority. These decisions may be adopted without a vote, or with a vote, which may be recorded, non-recorded or by roll-call. The Security Council consisting of the five victors of the war as permanent members and ten other countries serving two year terms. The five permanent members - China, France, the UK, the USSR, and the US are also given veto power, which means that decisions taken by the Security Council can be blocked by any of the five permanent members which has primary responsibility, under the Charter, for the maintenance of international peace and security. When a dispute leads to fighting, the Council's first concern is to bring it to an end as soon as possible. On many occasions, the Council has issued cease-fire directives which have been instrumental in preventing wider hostilities. It also sends United Nations peace-keeping forces to help reduce tensions in troubled areas keep opposing forces apart and create conditions of calm in which peaceful settlements may be sought. The Council may decide on enforcement measures, economic sanctions (such as trade embargoes) or collective military action. The International Court of Justice (ICJ), located in The Hague, Netherlands, is the judicial arm of the United Nations. U.N. member states bring their disputes before the ICJ, whose jurisdiction is dependent on both states' prior acceptance of whatever verdict the court delivers. The ICJ does not try war criminals; rather, it resolves what we might call 'civil' disputes in an American trial court: it settles border disagreements, assesses fault for breaches of treaties, and arbitrates questions of interpretation of international law between member states. According to United Nations, its aims are to keep peace throughout the world, develop friendly relations between nations, work together to help people live better lives, eliminate poverty, disease and illiteracy in the world, stop environmental destruction and encourage respect for each other's rights and freedoms. So these aims are implemented through some principals like all Member States have sovereign equality and must obey the Charter. Countries must try to settle their differences by peaceful means and must avoid using force or threatening to use force a well as it may not interfere in the domestic affairs of any country. Bangladesh gains membership at 17th September in 1974 as the number of 136th member of the organization. Although giving 0.01 percent contributes, the country gets numerous benefits from the Institution. The country is the second largest troops sending in its peace keeping missions. It is great opportunity for Bangladesh to flourish her name, image and cultural activities to others as well as getting commando training, experience sharing and earning huge remittance. We believe that security is the foundation of a stable country and that the rights of all individuals and freedom of religion is the foundation of society. So appreciating the role of Bangladeshi peacekeepers, UN wants to be working with these Peacekeepers for resolving many disputes areas in the world. We are proud for our mother language which is an observance as an international mother language day held annually on 21 February worldwide to promote awareness of linguistic and cultural diversity and multilingualism. It was first announced by UNESCO on 17 November 1999. Its observance was also formally recognized by the United Nations General Assembly in its resolution establishing 2008 as the International Year of Language. On the 1st of November, 2008 four drilling ships from Myanmar started exploration for oil and gas reserves within 50 nautical miles south west of St .Martin Island in Bangladesh. A South Korean company was awarded the oil and gas exploration contract in that place and two Myanmar naval ships escorted the drilling ships. Three naval ships of Bangladesh went to challenge them but the Myanmar Navy responded by alleging that the Bangladesh Navy ships are trespassing. We expect in this region so far India, Myanmar and Bangladesh will be agreed to solve the maritime boundary issues according to their territory but they are set to file their claim to the United Nations on June 29 and May 21, 2009, respectively without Bangladesh. Under the U.N. Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS), Bangladesh too has to file its claim within July 27, 2011. In Bangladesh often women work longer hours than men, but are usually paid less and are more likely to live in poverty. In subsistence economies, women spend much of the day performing tasks to maintain the household, such as carrying water and collecting fuel wood. But now UNFPA-supported micro credit provides skills training and small business loans to women, and also supports reproductive health and family planning services due to its committed to actions to attack poverty and powerlessness, especially among women.. As a result they are becoming responsible for agricultural production and selling. Often they take on paid work or an entrepreneurial enterprise as well. In the climate change negotiating, Bangladesh has been trying to play an important role as a disaster prone country under UN framework. Bangladesh demanded to set-up an International Adaptation Centre in Dhaka for how to adapt climate change. Already terrible cyclone Sidr damaged 8.9 million peoples life in Bangladesh. Sea level rise over the last ten years has already eroded 65 per cent of the landmass of Kutubdia (250 square kilometers), Bhola (227 square kilometers) Sandwip (180 square kilometers) islands. Bangladesh has asked for a climate change fund, under the UNFCC, which must be in addition to the existing official development assistant commitments made by rich countries of 0.7 percent of gross national product. Bangladesh also demanded that contributions to the Fund must be mandatory not voluntary. Such funds are needed because Bangladesh is the second worst affected country where raising rainfall, droughts, changes in the monsoon pattern, recurring floods and warm winters are all obvious syndromes of climate change. After all, we can say United Nations makes a bridge from rich to poor, male to female, stable society to vulnerable society. We can also be raised our voices against all kinds of oppressions, exploitations and threats to life or sovereignty. Still now we think it’s our last confidence. Disaster Management University of Dhaka.